What is a group of winged male and female reproductives in termites called?

A group of winged male and female reproductives in termites is referred to as a swarm. This term specifically describes the phenomenon where these winged termites, also known as alates, leave their mature colonies to mate and establish new colonies. During this event, large numbers of alates become airborne together, which is often synchronized with certain environmental conditions, such as humidity and temperature.

The other terms have specific meanings that do not apply in this context. A colony refers to the entire community of termites living together, while caste refers to the different roles within a termite colony, such as workers, soldiers, and reproductives. Nuptial flight is the specific event during which the swarm occurs, but it does not refer to the group itself. Therefore, the term that accurately captures the group of winged reproductives is "swarm."